Lifestyle Choices

Nobody has perfect skin, not even models and movie stars. Nearly everyone has an occasional blemish. How do you take care of minor skin problems before they become major skin problems?

Zapping Zits and Blemishes

Blackheads are pores that have become clogged with oil or dirt. The “plug” that forms in the pore is called a comedo. When the comedo is exposed to air, it turns dark or black, causing a blackhead. If the plug is under the surface of the skin, and not exposed to air, a whitehead (pimple or “zit”) forms.

You can clean out blackheads by first washing your face with warm water, which will help soften the comedo. Then, very gently press out the contents of the pore. Splash cold water on the affectedspot to close the pore.

If a whitehead forms, it is best not to squeeze the skin. “Popping” whiteheads can make the whitehead worse and cause infection and scarring. Use tinted, medicated cover-up to hide pimples until they disappear on their own.

To help speed the healing process, beauty expert Kathleen Walas recommends steaming the skin. Boil enough water to fill a large bowl up halfway. Drape a towel over your head to form a “tent.” Bend over the bowl, letting the steam open your pores. Don’t get too close—the steam is very hot and can burn.

While pores are still open, apply a cotton ball soaked in very warm salt water to the pimple. (You can make the salt water by dissolving one teaspoon of salt in two cups of water.) Hold the cotton ball against the whitehead for about three minutes. Ms. Walas recommends repeating the salt water treatment several times a day.

To take away the redness and soreness that often accompany whiteheads, Ms. Walas recommends using ice. Place two ice cubes in a plastic bag and hold against the affected spot for a few minutes. Repeat as needed.

To avoid getting blackheads and whiteheads, look for cosmetics and moisturizers that are labeled “non-comedogenic.” That means that they are specially designed not to clog pores.

Some over-the-counter medications can also help blemishes. Look for medicated creams andlotions containing benzoyl peroxide, which can dry up excess oil. To help heal pimples and prevent new blemishes from forming, look for products containing salicylic acid, which can help your skin get rid of dead skin cells that can clog pores.

Dealing with Acne

Acne is a skin condition that most often affects teens. It can be painful and difficult to live with. Unlike ordinary blackheads or pimples that can drain and dry out as they are exposed to air, acne is caused by excess oil and infection deep within the skin. Because these infected pimples can often not drain, they become painful and inflamed. Serious acne can result in scarring of the skin as well.

If your acne is not severe, paying attention to your diet, cleansing, and choice of cosmetics can help. Because some acne can be triggered by stress or exhaustion, working out ways to deal with pressure and getting enough rest can also help. If breakouts are very frequent, and acne is severe and painful, it is best to see a dermatologist. This is a doctor who specializes in treating skin problems.

Other Minor Skin Troubles

Extreme dryness or rashes can be caused by heredity, the environment, or certain products such asp detergents, cosmetics, or even fabrics. If you experience dryness or rashes after using certain products or wearing certain fabrics, it may be anallergic reaction. See a dermatologist if you continue to have problems.

Dandruffis a condition that affects the skin on your scalp, causing it to flake. Try using a medicated shampoo containing coal tar or laurel sulfate, and be sure to rinse extra thoroughly. Sometimes shampooing a little less often than usual can help relieve a dandruff problem.

Sunburnis a painful and all-too-common skin problem for teens. Avoid sunburning by wearing sunblock with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of at least 15. Make sure that your sunscreen products are all waterproof, so the protection will remain even if you get wet. If you do get sunburned, relieve the pain with aloe vera gel, available at drugstores and health food stores.

Moles, while usually harmless, can occasionally cause problems. If you notice a change in the size, shape, or color of a mole, consult a doctor. Moles can be removed by a dermatologist for cosmetic reasons.

Wartsare harmless bumps that are caused by a virus. Although they are harmless and usually disappear within days, they are contagious to the touch.

Skin tagsare similar to moles. They are most often tiny, harmless bumps that stick out in a narrow “tubelike” shape. Unlike moles, many skin tags are skin-colored or very light in color.

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